Toward Blockchain-Enabled IoV with Edge Computing: Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Vehicular Communication and Dynamic Updating

By virtue of intelligent data processing and vehicular network, Internet of Vehicle (IoV) provides the transport system with real-time traffic information, which greatly improves the traffic conditions of the city. Moreover, to ease the computing and storage burden of the increasing number of the vehicle, edge computing is introduced to offload computing tasks on the local with low latency. But it still suffers from data integrity and privacy concerns. To meet these challenges, this paper proposes an efficient and conditional privacy-preserving authentication protocol using blockchain-enabled IoV with edge computing. Specifically, edge computing and consortium blockchains are combined to support efficient computation and storage capabilities with low communication delay while providing data auditability. Also, a pseudonym mechanism and identity-based signature are utilized to achieve identity privacy-preserving conditionally and messages authentication of vehicles, respectively. Moreover, for the dynamic change of vehicles, a clustering selection algorithm and a key updating algorithm based on Chinese remainder theorem are given, which guarantees the forward and backward security of transmission information. Security analysis and experiment evaluation with respect of communication and computation cost demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocol.