摘要
Background. - The impact of migraine and other headache types among psychiatric outpatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has not been fully described. Objective. - To investigate the impact of migraine on the severity, physical, and anxiety symptoms in patients with MDD and to examine the interaction between headache and depression. Methods. - This clinic-based study enrolled consecutive psychiatric outpatients meeting DSM-IV criteria for MDD. Headache types were diagnosed based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition (2004). Three psychometric instruments were used to evaluate anxiety, depression, and physical components: the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. In addition, the interactions between headache and their depressive episode were also evaluated. Results. - Compared with patients without migraine, MDD patients with comorbid migraine (n = 73, 48.3%) had higher physical and anxiety scores on the three psychometric instruments. Migraine accounted for 5% to 11% of the variance of the total scores on the three psychometric scales. Approximately half (48.5%) of patients reported headache worsening during or after a depressive episode. Conclusions. - Our study found that comorbidity of migraine in patients with MDD was associated with more anxiety and physical symptoms. Headache should not be considered as only a somatic symptom of depression, but should be treated as an important comorbid disorder because it might exacerbate or interact with depression during a depressive episode.
原文 | English |
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頁(從 - 到) | 469-477 |
頁數 | 9 |
期刊 | Headache |
卷 | 46 |
發行號 | 3 |
DOIs | |
出版狀態 | Published - 3月 2006 |