Renal function is associated with one-month and one-year mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage

Objective This study evaluated short-term (1-month) and long-term (1-year) mortality risks associated with the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on admission for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods From the Taiwan Stroke Registry data from April 2006 to December 2016, we identified and stratified patients with intracerebral hemorrhage into five subgroups by the eGFR level on admission: ≥90, 60-89, 30-59, 15-29, and <15 mL/min/1.73 m² or on dialysis. Risks for 1-month and 1-year mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage were compared by the eGFR levels. Results Both the 1-month and 1-year mortality rates progressively increased with the decrease in eGFR levels. The 1-month mortality rate in patients with eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m² or on dialysis was approximately 5.5-fold greater than that in patients with eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m² (8.31 versus 1.50 per 1000 person-days), with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 4.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.71-7.78]. Similarly, the 1-year mortality in patients with eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m² or on dialysis was 7.5 times that in patients with eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m² (2.34 versus 0.31 per 1000 person-days), with an adjusted HR of 4.54 (95% CI 2.95-6.98). Conclusion Impairment of renal function is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage in a gradual way. The eGFR level is a prognostic indicator for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.