@inproceedings{952a51e451054683bec5572208a0a475,
title = "Real-time LiDAR module with 64x128-pixel CMOS SPAD array and 940-nm PCSEL",
abstract = "High-performance light detection and ranging (LiDAR) modules are highly demanded for advanced driving assistance system and autonomous driving. The high power level of emitter required for long-distance ranging is one of the key issues to be addressed to realize commercially affordable vehicle LiDAR. In this work, for the first time, we demonstrate a low-cost real-time LiDAR module by using CMOS-fabricated 64x128-pixel single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array, a 940-nm photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL), and a FPGA card for control and signal processing. Thanks to the high-sensitivity of SPAD and small divergence angle of PCSEL, a 60-m 3-D imager has been realized with a low laser peak power of ∼0.5 W. The ranging distance and frame rate are 60 m and 10 frames per second, respectively, for the target reflectivity of 10\% - 90\% and the sunlight condition of 0 - 50k lux. Our work reveals the great potential of these two intriguing devices for making low-cost high-performance vehicle LiDARs.",
keywords = "CMOS technology, LiDAR, Single-photon avalanche diodes, photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser",
author = "Hsiao, \{An Tai\} and Liu, \{Chun Hsien\} and Chen, \{Po Hsuan\} and Liu, \{Yao Lun\} and Wang, \{Wei Chi\} and Sang, \{Tzu Hsien\} and Tsai, \{Chia Ming\} and Gray Lin and Guo, \{Jiun In\} and Lin, \{Sheng Di\}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 IEEE.; 17th IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium, SAS 2022 ; Conference date: 01-08-2022 Through 03-08-2022",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1109/SAS54819.2022.9881339",
language = "English",
series = "2022 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium, SAS 2022 - Proceedings",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
booktitle = "2022 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium, SAS 2022 - Proceedings",
address = "美國",
}