TY - JOUR
T1 - Neonatal outcomes of intrauterine nonylphenol exposure-A longitudinal cohort study in Taiwan
AU - Tsai, Ming Song
AU - Chang, Chia Huang
AU - Tsai, Yen An
AU - Liao, Kai Wei
AU - Mao, I. Fang
AU - Wang, Tzu Hao
AU - Hwang, Shiaw Min
AU - Chang, Yu Jen
AU - Chen, Mei Lien
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was finically supported by the National Science Council of the Republic of China, Taiwan , NSC 99-2314-B-010-018-MY3 . We acknowledge the cooperation of the staff in the OBS & GYN and Laboratory Medicine Departments of Cathay General Hospital in Taipei. Mr. Ted Knoy is appreciated for his editorial assistance.
PY - 2013/8/1
Y1 - 2013/8/1
N2 - Background: Nonylphenol (NP) is an environmental hormone with proven estrogenic effects. Although its adverse effects on animals are well documented, the effects of NP exposure on humans remain unclear, and those on the human foetus are completely unknown. This study explores the effects of intrauterine NP exposure on neonates. Methods: A cohort of pregnant women was established in a medical centre in northern Taiwan. Urine samples from the first, second, and third trimesters of gestation were collected. Urinary NP concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescent detection. Neonatal outcomes were evaluated immediately after delivery. A mixed-effects model using a generalised estimating equation was applied to assess the association between gestational age, maternal body weight, and maternal NP concentration throughout the three trimesters. A multivariable regression model was used to determine the association between maternal NP level in urine in each trimester and neonatal outcomes. Results: In total, 162 singleton pregnant women completed this study through delivery. The geometric mean of creatinine-adjusted urinary NP concentrations were 4.27 μg/g, 4.21 μg/g, and 4.10 μg/g in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Pregnant women whose urinary NP concentrations were above the median in the second trimester had low maternal weight gain (β = - 1.55. kg, p = 0.02) and short neonatal body length (β = - 0.47. cm, p = 0.04). Women with an above-median urinary NP concentration had an odds ratio of having a small for gestational age (SGA) neonate of 7.81 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study indicates that maternal high NP exposure in the second trimester is associated with SGA, decreased foetal body length at birth, and low maternal weight gain. The effects of this endocrine-disrupting substance on pregnant women and foetuses should be a concern during gestation.
AB - Background: Nonylphenol (NP) is an environmental hormone with proven estrogenic effects. Although its adverse effects on animals are well documented, the effects of NP exposure on humans remain unclear, and those on the human foetus are completely unknown. This study explores the effects of intrauterine NP exposure on neonates. Methods: A cohort of pregnant women was established in a medical centre in northern Taiwan. Urine samples from the first, second, and third trimesters of gestation were collected. Urinary NP concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescent detection. Neonatal outcomes were evaluated immediately after delivery. A mixed-effects model using a generalised estimating equation was applied to assess the association between gestational age, maternal body weight, and maternal NP concentration throughout the three trimesters. A multivariable regression model was used to determine the association between maternal NP level in urine in each trimester and neonatal outcomes. Results: In total, 162 singleton pregnant women completed this study through delivery. The geometric mean of creatinine-adjusted urinary NP concentrations were 4.27 μg/g, 4.21 μg/g, and 4.10 μg/g in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Pregnant women whose urinary NP concentrations were above the median in the second trimester had low maternal weight gain (β = - 1.55. kg, p = 0.02) and short neonatal body length (β = - 0.47. cm, p = 0.04). Women with an above-median urinary NP concentration had an odds ratio of having a small for gestational age (SGA) neonate of 7.81 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study indicates that maternal high NP exposure in the second trimester is associated with SGA, decreased foetal body length at birth, and low maternal weight gain. The effects of this endocrine-disrupting substance on pregnant women and foetuses should be a concern during gestation.
KW - Birth weight
KW - Maternal weight gain
KW - Neonatal body length
KW - Nonylphenol
KW - Pregnancy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84877894495&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.039
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.039
M3 - Article
C2 - 23680990
AN - SCOPUS:84877894495
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 458-460
SP - 367
EP - 373
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
ER -