Multiferroic laminated composites with interfacial imperfections and the nonlocal effect

In this study, we investigate multiferroic magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) laminated plates with interfacial imperfections by using nonlocal theory. The multilayered MEE plate is considered a simply supported rectangular plate subjected to appropriate boundary conditions. Generalized membrane-type and generalized linear-spring-type imperfect interfaces are considered. We extend the pseudo-Stroh formalism and propagator matrix method to derive analytical solutions for an orthotropic and multilayered MEE plate with interfacial imperfections and the nonlocal effect. The key step is first to observe that the equilibrium equations and interface conditions are equivalent to those in the classical MEE multilayered problem. Next, we derive the relationship between nonlocal and classical tractions. The derived solutions are then applied to BaTiO₃−CoFe₂O₄ sandwich plates. Numerical calculations show that interfacial imperfections and the nonlocal effect can be used to tune the field distribution and ME effect. The findings can provide insights for the application and design of various nanodevices.