Effect of Barium Titanate on Microstructural Evolution and Properties of Lead Zinc Magnesium Niobate Ceramics

BaTiO₃ (BT) addition vastly alters the dielectric behavior of lead zinc magnesium niobate (PZMN) relaxor ferroelectrics. Heat treatment, including the sintering process, influences the dielectric properties through changes in the distribution of heterogeneous compositions and in the extent of diffused phase transition. With more than 15 mol% BaTiO₃ addition, two cubic phases composed of Ba‐rich and Ti‐rich PZMN substances exist. The destruction of the BaTiO₃ phase and reconstruction of Ba‐rich and Ti‐rich regions are initiated during heat treatment, and the extent of destruction and reconstruction determines the dielectric properties of the PZMN ceramics. The BT‐rich PZMN phase, which occurs with higher BaTiO₃ addition, plays a less important role in the present investigation.