Dynamic control of topological charge of vector vortex in PCSELs with C6 symmetry

Vortex beams offer significant potential for various applications in fields such as communication, quantum computing, and particle manipulation. Typically, these beams are generated by using laser light that passes through a passive phase modulation component. In recent years, there has been an increasing emphasis on miniaturizing and integrating the vortex beam light source, aimed at expanding the range of applications. Our study contributes to this goal by presenting a novel method for directly generating vector vortex beams from photonic crystal surface emitting lasers while preserving C6 rotation symmetry. Our approach achieves topological charges of both +1 and −2, and we demonstrate the ability to dynamically switch between these orders by adjusting the injection conditions.