Discrete Interlocking Formwork for Non-Developable Surfaces: A computational solution to complex geometries

Shotcrete 3D concreteprinting (S C3DCP) technology offers vast potential for digital fabrication and structural engineering. However, itfaces limitations with complex geometries involving n<rn-deve!opable surfaces. To address these technical challenges from a computationalperspective, this research introduces an adjustableformwork system based on a discrete interlocking mechanism. Theproposed model consists of an octagonal，porous unit inspired by chainmail. By utilizing the unique chainmailpattern and interlocking parts, the proposedform ensures: (!) a wide range of flexibility at each node that can be applied to 'various types of curved surfaces; (2) can be reused overtime by adjusting each interlocking part; (3) print-in-place capability without external supports, reducing assembly complexity compared to traditional engineeredformwork systems.