TY - JOUR
T1 - A Review of the Self-Powered Wiegand Sensor and Its Applications
AU - Lin, Chiao Chi
AU - Tseng, Yuan Chieh
AU - Chin, Tsung Shune
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - Self-powered magnetic sensors are fundamental for the development of Industry 4.0, the Internet of things (IoT), wireless sensor networks, unmanned vehicles, smart cities, and sustainability. This review aimed to elucidate the working principles, materials, manufacture, output properties, and perspectives of Wiegand sensors. A Wiegand sensor is composed of a magnetic sensing wire, which is called a Wiegand wire, and a pick-up coil for the output of an electrical signal and energy. The Wiegand sensor requires an external magnetic field of about 70 Gauss to induce Wiegand wire flux changes, which, in turn, generate an output pulse in the pick-up coil. Output energy of more than 3000 nJ per single pulse (open circuit) can be harvested. The output pulse is derived from the large Barkhausen effect. Therefore, the behavior of the sensor output is independent of the triggering and sensing frequencies. The objective of this review article was to comprehensively highlight research endeavors devoted to Wiegand sensors. Furthermore, application scenarios of current research results are highlighted to find potential gaps in the literature and future contributions. Perspectives and research opportunities of Wiegand sensors are proposed.
AB - Self-powered magnetic sensors are fundamental for the development of Industry 4.0, the Internet of things (IoT), wireless sensor networks, unmanned vehicles, smart cities, and sustainability. This review aimed to elucidate the working principles, materials, manufacture, output properties, and perspectives of Wiegand sensors. A Wiegand sensor is composed of a magnetic sensing wire, which is called a Wiegand wire, and a pick-up coil for the output of an electrical signal and energy. The Wiegand sensor requires an external magnetic field of about 70 Gauss to induce Wiegand wire flux changes, which, in turn, generate an output pulse in the pick-up coil. Output energy of more than 3000 nJ per single pulse (open circuit) can be harvested. The output pulse is derived from the large Barkhausen effect. Therefore, the behavior of the sensor output is independent of the triggering and sensing frequencies. The objective of this review article was to comprehensively highlight research endeavors devoted to Wiegand sensors. Furthermore, application scenarios of current research results are highlighted to find potential gaps in the literature and future contributions. Perspectives and research opportunities of Wiegand sensors are proposed.
KW - Barkhausen effect
KW - output pulse
KW - self-powered magnetic sensors
KW - Wiegand sensor
KW - Wiegand wire
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85140604272&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/magnetochemistry8100128
DO - 10.3390/magnetochemistry8100128
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85140604272
SN - 2312-7481
VL - 8
JO - Magnetochemistry
JF - Magnetochemistry
IS - 10
M1 - 128
ER -
