A LOW-AREA HARDWARE REALIZATION OF 2-SHARES THRESHOLD IMPLEMENTATION AES FOR IOT BIOSENSOR DEVICE

A novel 2-shares Threshold Implementation Advanced Encryption Standard (TI-AES) is proposed to secure sensitive data collected by portable Biosensor Devices. These devices transmit data such as blood pressure, blood oxygen, and heartbeat directly to the Internet of Things. To protect personal information, symmetric encryption is used. However, the lightweight symmetric encryption used by IoT edge devices to enhance transmission efficiency and reduce device size makes them vulnerable to side-channel analysis (SCA), which poses a potential threat to data security. Our proposal incorporates provable security against Single Power Analysis (SPA) and first-order differential power analysis (DPA) with uniform and independent input shares in the s-box. Our proposed incorporates additional randomness to improve security. The resulting power trace resistance with 116-bit random number is 50 times that of unprotected AES. We minimize the area and the required number of random numbers while maintaining a high level of security comparable to other masking schemes. Furthermore, we implement and verify our proposed scheme on the Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA platform. Proposed 2-shares TI-AES successfully reduces the operation cycle time by three-quarters to 100 clock cycles with 100M Hz frequency compared to all other related best countermeasure works on TI-AES. Additionally, the hardware requirements are reduced by 34.3% with 8.3 kilo-gate equivalent (kGE), greatly reducing the cost of IoT devices while maintaining favorable processing speed and security.