Ventricular arrhythmias originating from the cardiac crux and the basal inferior segment of the interventricular septum in the patients with structural heart diseases: characteristics, mapping, and electrophysiological properties

Chung Hsing Lin, Li Wei Lo, Yenn Jiang Lin, Shih Lin Chang, Yu Feng Hu, Ta Chuan Tuan, Hung Kai Huang, Cheng Hung Chiang, Suresh Allamsetty, Jo Nan Liao, Fa Po Chung, Yao Ting Chang, Chin Yu Lin, Abigail Louise D. Te, Shinya Yamada, Rohit Walia, Yuan Hung, Shih Ann Chen*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: There are few reports describing ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) from the crux and the corresponding endocardial site, i.e., the basal inferior segment of the interventricular septum (IVS). We aimed to investigate a distinct clinical group of VAs arising from the endocardium at this area in patients with structural heart diseases (SHD). Methods: We included 17 patients with SHD and clinically documented VAs. Thirteen patients underwent endocardial mapping only. Three patients underwent both epicardial and endocardial approaches and one had only epicardial mapping. Eighteen VAs were identified, 14 focal and 4 reentrant VAs, confirmed by entrainment. Results: There were 2 VAs from the crux, 5 VAs from the corresponding endocardial site in the right ventricle (RV), and 11 from the site in the left ventricle (LV). Compared with the VAs from RV endocardium, VAs from LV endocardium had a higher R wave in V3 than V2 (V2R/V3R ratio, 1.83 ± 0.84 vs. 0.86 ± 0.38, P = 0.008) and a higher V3 transition ratio percentage (2.16 ± 2.07 vs. 0.58 ± 0.62, P = 0.008). Combining all 16 patients with endocardial mapping, there were also lower bipolar voltages (1.21 ± 1.05 vs. 3.10 ± 2.65 mv, P < 0.0001), lower unipolar voltages (4.05 ± 1.92 vs. 5.75 ± 2.90 mv, P < 0.0001), and longer local electrocardiogram (EGM) lateness (157.6 ± 47.9 vs.140.3 ± 52.5 ms, P = 0.0001) in the dominant chambers. Conclusions: In VAs from the crux and the corresponding endocardial site, the complete ECG V2R/V3R ratio and V3 transition ratio percentage could differentiate the VAs from the RV or LV endocardium. The lower unipolar, bipolar voltage mapping, and longer EGM lateness are helpful to identify the abnormal substrate in the endocardium in these patients.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)225-236
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology
Volume52
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jul 2018

Keywords

  • Crux
  • Interventricular septum
  • Structural heart diseases
  • Ventricular arrhythmias

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