Prophylactic hemodialysis following coronary angiography and one-year outcomes in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease: A propensity-matched study

Background/Purpose: Prophylactic hemodialysis after coronary angiography in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevents contrast nephropathy; however, the one-year outcomes are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the one-year outcomes of prophylactic hemodialysis against standard treatment in patients with CKD who underwent coronary angiography. Methods: A cohort study of 359 patients with CKD, coronary artery disease (CAD), and serum creatinine levels of 176.8–530.4 μmol/L, who were referred for elective coronary angiography was conducted. Propensity score matching identified 118 patient pairs for outcome comparisons. The hemodialysis group underwent prophylactic hemodialysis after coronary angiography, whereas the control group received standard treatment. The study's primary outcome was free from dialysis was considered the primary outcome, whereas the secondary outcome was overall survival. Unadjusted estimates of the probability of free from dialysis and overall survival were computed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log-rank tests. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used in determining the risk factors associated with ESRD and mortality. Results: During a mean 9.3 months follow-up duration, the hemodialysis group had significantly better free from dialysis (85.6% vs. 64.4%; P = 0.002) and overall survival (85.4% vs. 78.5%; P = 0.008) rates than the control group. Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses of the propensity score-matched patients showed that the hemodialysis group had reduced risks for ESRD and mortality (hazard ratios, 0.32 and 0.48, respectively). Conclusion: Prophylactic Hemodialysis following coronary angiography was associated with reduced ESRD and mortality risks in CKD patients with CAD, who did not routinely undergo dialysis.