Monitoring newly synthesized proteins over the adult life span of Caenorhabditis elegans

Krishna Vukoti, Xiaokun Yu, Quanhu Sheng, Sudipto Saha, Zhaoyang Feng*, Ao Lin Hsu*, Masaru Miyagi*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

22 Scopus citations

Abstract

Little is known regarding how the synthesis and degradation of individual proteins change during the life of an organism. Such knowledge is vital to understanding the aging process. To fill this knowledge gap, we monitored newly synthesized proteins on a proteome scale in Caenorhabditis elegans over time during adulthood using a stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based label-chase approach. For most proteins, the rate of appearance of newly synthesized protein was high during the first 5 days of adulthood, slowed down between the fifth and the 11th days, and then increased again after the 11th day. However, the magnitude of appearance rate differed significantly from protein to protein. For example, the appearance of newly synthesized protein was fast for proteins involved in embryonic development, transcription regulation, and lipid binding/transport, with >70% of these proteins newly synthesized by day 5 of adulthood, whereas it was slow for proteins involved in cellular assembly and motility, such as actin and myosin, with <70% of these proteins newly synthesized even on day 16. The late-life increase of newly synthesized protein was especially high for ribosomal proteins and ATP synthases. We also investigated the effect of RNAi-mediated knockdown of the rpl-9 (ribosomal protein), atp-3 (ATP synthase), and ril-1 (RNAi-induced longevity-1) genes and found that inhibiting the expression of atp-3 and ril-1 beginning in late adulthood is still effective to extend the life span of C. elegans.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1483-1494
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of Proteome Research
Volume14
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 6 Mar 2015

Keywords

  • Aging
  • ATP synthase
  • Caenorhabditis elegans
  • life span
  • protein turnover
  • Ribosomal protein
  • SILAC

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