Microdisplays: Mini-LED, Micro-OLED, and Micro-LED

The field of next-generation microdisplays is flourishing. Relevant display technologies, such as mini-light emission diodes (mini-LEDs), micro-organic light emission diodes (micro-OLEDs), and micro-light emission diodes (micro-LEDs) are thus in the urgent stage of development. From this perspective, comprehensive and systematical analyzes are conducted for the aforesaid microdisplay configurations. A holistic view of microdisplay technologies is developed with the corresponding performance metrics, providing a path for miscellaneous scenarios. Among these scenarios, the applications in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), wearable devices, and head-up displays (HUD) are currently attracting considerable attention for deeper human-digital interactions. However, there is a multiplicity of obstacles and challenges hindering such development. Nevertheless, recent advances in microdisplay technologies hold tremendous promise for the paradigms of these applications, taking a leap forward for next-generation microdisplays. This review presents perspectives, relevant materials, and the technology landscape for such ongoing display technologies, offering guidance on the design of advanced microdisplays.