Large electro-optic modulation effect observed in ion-exchanged KTiOPO4 waveguides

Yi Chiu; D. D. Stancil; T. E. Schlesinger

doi:10.1063/1.363313

Large electro-optic modulation effect observed in ion-exchanged KTiOPO₄ waveguides

Yi Chiu^*, D. D. Stancil, T. E. Schlesinger

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the observation of an anomalously large electro-optic modulation effect in potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO₄) waveguides fabricated under various conditions. An interferometric method was used to measure the effective electro-optic coefficient in the waveguides by measuring the phase retardation of an optical mode when a voltage was applied across the substrate. We observed that at low modulation frequency the effective electro-optic coefficient in the waveguides can be higher than the bulk value by a factor up to about 100. A space charge model relating the mobile charge, space charge field, and observed enhancement in the electro-optic modulation is proposed to explain the mechanism of this effect. Calculation for dc steady state, small signal analysis, and large signal simulation is compared to the experimental observation. Possible device application and long term effects on system operation are also discussed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3662-3667
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of Applied Physics
Volume	80
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.363313
State	Published - 1 Oct 1996

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title = "Large electro-optic modulation effect observed in ion-exchanged KTiOPO4 waveguides",

abstract = "We report the observation of an anomalously large electro-optic modulation effect in potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4) waveguides fabricated under various conditions. An interferometric method was used to measure the effective electro-optic coefficient in the waveguides by measuring the phase retardation of an optical mode when a voltage was applied across the substrate. We observed that at low modulation frequency the effective electro-optic coefficient in the waveguides can be higher than the bulk value by a factor up to about 100. A space charge model relating the mobile charge, space charge field, and observed enhancement in the electro-optic modulation is proposed to explain the mechanism of this effect. Calculation for dc steady state, small signal analysis, and large signal simulation is compared to the experimental observation. Possible device application and long term effects on system operation are also discussed.",

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T1 - Large electro-optic modulation effect observed in ion-exchanged KTiOPO4 waveguides

AU - Chiu, Yi

AU - Stancil, D. D.

AU - Schlesinger, T. E.

PY - 1996/10/1

Y1 - 1996/10/1

N2 - We report the observation of an anomalously large electro-optic modulation effect in potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4) waveguides fabricated under various conditions. An interferometric method was used to measure the effective electro-optic coefficient in the waveguides by measuring the phase retardation of an optical mode when a voltage was applied across the substrate. We observed that at low modulation frequency the effective electro-optic coefficient in the waveguides can be higher than the bulk value by a factor up to about 100. A space charge model relating the mobile charge, space charge field, and observed enhancement in the electro-optic modulation is proposed to explain the mechanism of this effect. Calculation for dc steady state, small signal analysis, and large signal simulation is compared to the experimental observation. Possible device application and long term effects on system operation are also discussed.

AB - We report the observation of an anomalously large electro-optic modulation effect in potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4) waveguides fabricated under various conditions. An interferometric method was used to measure the effective electro-optic coefficient in the waveguides by measuring the phase retardation of an optical mode when a voltage was applied across the substrate. We observed that at low modulation frequency the effective electro-optic coefficient in the waveguides can be higher than the bulk value by a factor up to about 100. A space charge model relating the mobile charge, space charge field, and observed enhancement in the electro-optic modulation is proposed to explain the mechanism of this effect. Calculation for dc steady state, small signal analysis, and large signal simulation is compared to the experimental observation. Possible device application and long term effects on system operation are also discussed.

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JO - Journal of Applied Physics

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Large electro-optic modulation effect observed in ion-exchanged KTiOPO₄ waveguides

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