TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors Associated with the Macular Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness in a Cohort of Middle-aged US Adults
AU - Paulsen, Adam J.
AU - Pinto, Alex
AU - Merten, Natascha
AU - Chen, Yanjun
AU - Fischer, Mary E.
AU - Huang, Guan-Hua
AU - Klein, Barbara E. K.
AU - Schubert, Carla R.
AU - Cruickshanks, Karen J.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - SIGNIFICANCEThe macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) may serve as a quick and easily obtained measure of generalized neurodegeneration. Investigating factors associated with this thickness could help to understand neurodegenerative processes. PURPOSEThis study aimed to characterize and identify associated factors of the mGCIPL thickness in a Beaver Dam Offspring Study cohort of middle-aged U.S. adults. METHODSBaseline examinations occurred from 2005 to 2008, with follow-up examinations every 5 years. Included participants had baseline data and measured mGCIPL at 10-year follow-up (N = 1848). The mGCIPL was measured using the Cirrus 5000 HD-OCT Macular Cube Scan. Associations between mean mGCIPL thickness and thin mGCIPL, defined as 1 standard deviation (SD) below the population mean, and baseline risk factors were investigated using generalized estimating equations. RESULTSParticipants (mean [SD] baseline age, 48.9 [9.3] years; 54.4% women) had mean (SD) mGCIPL thicknesses of 78.4 (8.1) mu m in the right eye and 78.1 (8.5) mu m in the left (correlation coefficient = 0.76). In multivariable models, age (-1.07 mu m per 5 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.28 to -0.86 mu m), high alcohol consumption (-1.44 mu m; 95% CI, -2.72 to -0.16 mu m), higher interleukin 6 levels (50% increase in level: -0.23 mu m; 95% CI, -0.45 to 0.00 mu m), myopia (-2.55 mu m; 95% CI, -3.17 to -1.94 mu m), and glaucoma (-1.74 mu m; 95% CI, -2.77 to -0.70 mu m) were associated with thinner mGCIPL. Age (per 5 years: odds ratio [OR], 1.38; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.53), diabetes (OR, 1.89, 95% CI, 1.09 to 3.27), myopia (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.63 to 2.73), and increasing and long-term high C-reactive protein (ORs, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.01 to 2.11] and 1.74 [95% CI, 1.14 to 2.65], respectively) were associated with increased odds of thin mGCIPL. CONCLUSIONSFactors associated cross-sectionally with mGCIPL thickness, older age, high alcohol consumption, inflammation, diabetes, myopia, and glaucoma may be important to neural retina structure and health and neuronal health system-wide.
AB - SIGNIFICANCEThe macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) may serve as a quick and easily obtained measure of generalized neurodegeneration. Investigating factors associated with this thickness could help to understand neurodegenerative processes. PURPOSEThis study aimed to characterize and identify associated factors of the mGCIPL thickness in a Beaver Dam Offspring Study cohort of middle-aged U.S. adults. METHODSBaseline examinations occurred from 2005 to 2008, with follow-up examinations every 5 years. Included participants had baseline data and measured mGCIPL at 10-year follow-up (N = 1848). The mGCIPL was measured using the Cirrus 5000 HD-OCT Macular Cube Scan. Associations between mean mGCIPL thickness and thin mGCIPL, defined as 1 standard deviation (SD) below the population mean, and baseline risk factors were investigated using generalized estimating equations. RESULTSParticipants (mean [SD] baseline age, 48.9 [9.3] years; 54.4% women) had mean (SD) mGCIPL thicknesses of 78.4 (8.1) mu m in the right eye and 78.1 (8.5) mu m in the left (correlation coefficient = 0.76). In multivariable models, age (-1.07 mu m per 5 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.28 to -0.86 mu m), high alcohol consumption (-1.44 mu m; 95% CI, -2.72 to -0.16 mu m), higher interleukin 6 levels (50% increase in level: -0.23 mu m; 95% CI, -0.45 to 0.00 mu m), myopia (-2.55 mu m; 95% CI, -3.17 to -1.94 mu m), and glaucoma (-1.74 mu m; 95% CI, -2.77 to -0.70 mu m) were associated with thinner mGCIPL. Age (per 5 years: odds ratio [OR], 1.38; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.53), diabetes (OR, 1.89, 95% CI, 1.09 to 3.27), myopia (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.63 to 2.73), and increasing and long-term high C-reactive protein (ORs, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.01 to 2.11] and 1.74 [95% CI, 1.14 to 2.65], respectively) were associated with increased odds of thin mGCIPL. CONCLUSIONSFactors associated cross-sectionally with mGCIPL thickness, older age, high alcohol consumption, inflammation, diabetes, myopia, and glaucoma may be important to neural retina structure and health and neuronal health system-wide.
U2 - 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001650
DO - 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001650
M3 - Article
C2 - 33771958
SN - 1040-5488
VL - 98
SP - 295
EP - 305
JO - Optometry and Vision Science
JF - Optometry and Vision Science
IS - 3
ER -