Effect of metal ions on hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire growth: Conductivity measurements from a single nanowire device

Muthaiah Shellaiah; Ying Chou Chen; Turibius Simon; Liang Chen Li; Kien-Wen Sun; Fu-Hsiang Ko

doi:10.3390/nano9030415

Effect of metal ions on hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire growth: Conductivity measurements from a single nanowire device

Muthaiah Shellaiah, Ying Chou Chen, Turibius Simon, Liang Chen Li, Kien-Wen Sun^*, Fu-Hsiang Ko

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Novel Cd ²⁺ ions mediated reproducible hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire (G-DNWs; Cd ²⁺ -NDS1 NW) growth from 4-Amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (S1) functionalized diamond nanoparticles (NDS1) via supramolecular assembly is reported and demonstrated through TEM and AFM images. FTIR, EDX and XPS studies reveal the supramolecular coordination between functional units of NDS1 and Cd ²⁺ ions towards NWs growth. Investigations of XPS, XRD and Raman data show the covering of graphite sheath over DNWs. Moreover, HR-TEM studies on Cd ²⁺ -NDS1 NW confirm the coexistence of less perfect sp ² graphite layer and sp ³ diamond carbon along with impurity channels and flatten surface morphology. Possible mechanisms behind the G-DNWs growth are proposed and clarified. Subsequently, conductivity of the as-grown G-DNWs is determined through the fabrication of a single Cd ²⁺ -NDS1 NW device, in which the G-DNW portion L2 demonstrates a better conductivity of 2.31 × 10 ⁻⁴ mS/cm. In addition, we investigate the temperature-dependent carrier transport mechanisms and the corresponding activation energy in details. Finally, comparisons in electrical resistivities with other carbon-based materials are made to validate the importance of our conductivity measurements.

Original language	English
Article number	415
Pages (from-to)	1-21
Number of pages	21
Journal	Nanomaterials
Volume	9
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9030415
State	Published - Mar 2019

Keywords

Carbon nanomaterials
Carrier transport
Conductivity
Graphite-diamond nanowires
Metal ions induced graphitization
Nanodiamond
Nanoparticles
Semiconductors
Supramolecular assembly

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title = "Effect of metal ions on hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire growth: Conductivity measurements from a single nanowire device",

abstract = " Novel Cd 2+ ions mediated reproducible hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire (G-DNWs; Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW) growth from 4-Amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (S1) functionalized diamond nanoparticles (NDS1) via supramolecular assembly is reported and demonstrated through TEM and AFM images. FTIR, EDX and XPS studies reveal the supramolecular coordination between functional units of NDS1 and Cd 2+ ions towards NWs growth. Investigations of XPS, XRD and Raman data show the covering of graphite sheath over DNWs. Moreover, HR-TEM studies on Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW confirm the coexistence of less perfect sp 2 graphite layer and sp 3 diamond carbon along with impurity channels and flatten surface morphology. Possible mechanisms behind the G-DNWs growth are proposed and clarified. Subsequently, conductivity of the as-grown G-DNWs is determined through the fabrication of a single Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW device, in which the G-DNW portion L2 demonstrates a better conductivity of 2.31 × 10 −4 mS/cm. In addition, we investigate the temperature-dependent carrier transport mechanisms and the corresponding activation energy in details. Finally, comparisons in electrical resistivities with other carbon-based materials are made to validate the importance of our conductivity measurements.",

keywords = "Carbon nanomaterials, Carrier transport, Conductivity, Graphite-diamond nanowires, Metal ions induced graphitization, Nanodiamond, Nanoparticles, Semiconductors, Supramolecular assembly",

author = "Muthaiah Shellaiah and Chen, {Ying Chou} and Turibius Simon and Li, {Liang Chen} and Kien-Wen Sun and Fu-Hsiang Ko",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

year = "2019",

month = mar,

doi = "10.3390/nano9030415",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

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T1 - Effect of metal ions on hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire growth

T2 - Conductivity measurements from a single nanowire device

AU - Shellaiah, Muthaiah

AU - Chen, Ying Chou

AU - Simon, Turibius

AU - Li, Liang Chen

AU - Sun, Kien-Wen

AU - Ko, Fu-Hsiang

PY - 2019/3

Y1 - 2019/3

N2 - Novel Cd 2+ ions mediated reproducible hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire (G-DNWs; Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW) growth from 4-Amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (S1) functionalized diamond nanoparticles (NDS1) via supramolecular assembly is reported and demonstrated through TEM and AFM images. FTIR, EDX and XPS studies reveal the supramolecular coordination between functional units of NDS1 and Cd 2+ ions towards NWs growth. Investigations of XPS, XRD and Raman data show the covering of graphite sheath over DNWs. Moreover, HR-TEM studies on Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW confirm the coexistence of less perfect sp 2 graphite layer and sp 3 diamond carbon along with impurity channels and flatten surface morphology. Possible mechanisms behind the G-DNWs growth are proposed and clarified. Subsequently, conductivity of the as-grown G-DNWs is determined through the fabrication of a single Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW device, in which the G-DNW portion L2 demonstrates a better conductivity of 2.31 × 10 −4 mS/cm. In addition, we investigate the temperature-dependent carrier transport mechanisms and the corresponding activation energy in details. Finally, comparisons in electrical resistivities with other carbon-based materials are made to validate the importance of our conductivity measurements.

AB - Novel Cd 2+ ions mediated reproducible hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire (G-DNWs; Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW) growth from 4-Amino-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (S1) functionalized diamond nanoparticles (NDS1) via supramolecular assembly is reported and demonstrated through TEM and AFM images. FTIR, EDX and XPS studies reveal the supramolecular coordination between functional units of NDS1 and Cd 2+ ions towards NWs growth. Investigations of XPS, XRD and Raman data show the covering of graphite sheath over DNWs. Moreover, HR-TEM studies on Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW confirm the coexistence of less perfect sp 2 graphite layer and sp 3 diamond carbon along with impurity channels and flatten surface morphology. Possible mechanisms behind the G-DNWs growth are proposed and clarified. Subsequently, conductivity of the as-grown G-DNWs is determined through the fabrication of a single Cd 2+ -NDS1 NW device, in which the G-DNW portion L2 demonstrates a better conductivity of 2.31 × 10 −4 mS/cm. In addition, we investigate the temperature-dependent carrier transport mechanisms and the corresponding activation energy in details. Finally, comparisons in electrical resistivities with other carbon-based materials are made to validate the importance of our conductivity measurements.

KW - Carbon nanomaterials

KW - Carrier transport

KW - Conductivity

KW - Graphite-diamond nanowires

KW - Metal ions induced graphitization

KW - Nanodiamond

KW - Nanoparticles

KW - Semiconductors

KW - Supramolecular assembly

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JO - Nanomaterials

JF - Nanomaterials

IS - 3

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ER -

Effect of metal ions on hybrid graphite-diamond nanowire growth: Conductivity measurements from a single nanowire device

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