TY - JOUR
T1 - Application of stimuli-responsive FRET behavior toward cyanide detection in a photo-switchable [2]pseudorotaxane polymer containing the BODIPY donor and the merocyanine acceptor
AU - Gouda, Chinmayananda
AU - Barik, Debashis
AU - Maitra, Chandrima
AU - Liang, Kai Chieh
AU - Ho, Feng Cheng
AU - Srinivasadesikan, Venkatesan
AU - Chandran, Sarala
AU - Wu, Shu-Pao
AU - Lin, Ming-Chang
AU - Lin, Hong-Cheu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/2/21
Y1 - 2021/2/21
N2 - We have developed a supramolecular (close form) [2]pseudorotaxane polymer containing the green-emissive (λem= 523 nm) BODIPY-based pillar[5]arene host and the non-emissive spiropyran (SP)-based cyano guest (close form), which can be converted to a red-emissive (λem= 630 nm) merocyanine (MC)-based guest (open form) upon UV exposure as well as turned into a bi-fluorophoric host-guest polymer with ratiometric PL emission of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) behavior in THF/water solution (60% H2O, v/v). The equal host-guest molar ratio and the formation of the [2]pseudorotaxane polymer can be further verified using1H NMR titration, Job's plot analysis, DOSY and ITC experiments. Hence, the bi-fluorophoric host-guest (with the MC open form) polymer possessed the highest red-emission of the MC acceptor, which was also confirmed using TRPL measurements to possess the shortest lifetime of 0.37 ns and the best FRET efficiency of 83.5%. Since the MC unit could react with CN−to induce a non-emissive quenching process, the mono-fluorophoric guest would show turn-off PL behavior and detect cyanide ions with a corresponding limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.94 μM. In comparison, the optimal LOD value of 0.48 μM toward CN−anion could be achieved by our bi-fluorophoric host-guest polymerviathe FRET-OFF process. Therefore, cyanide detection and cell viability tests using the open form of the [2]pseudorotaxane polymer suggest useful bio-imaging applications in living cells.
AB - We have developed a supramolecular (close form) [2]pseudorotaxane polymer containing the green-emissive (λem= 523 nm) BODIPY-based pillar[5]arene host and the non-emissive spiropyran (SP)-based cyano guest (close form), which can be converted to a red-emissive (λem= 630 nm) merocyanine (MC)-based guest (open form) upon UV exposure as well as turned into a bi-fluorophoric host-guest polymer with ratiometric PL emission of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) behavior in THF/water solution (60% H2O, v/v). The equal host-guest molar ratio and the formation of the [2]pseudorotaxane polymer can be further verified using1H NMR titration, Job's plot analysis, DOSY and ITC experiments. Hence, the bi-fluorophoric host-guest (with the MC open form) polymer possessed the highest red-emission of the MC acceptor, which was also confirmed using TRPL measurements to possess the shortest lifetime of 0.37 ns and the best FRET efficiency of 83.5%. Since the MC unit could react with CN−to induce a non-emissive quenching process, the mono-fluorophoric guest would show turn-off PL behavior and detect cyanide ions with a corresponding limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.94 μM. In comparison, the optimal LOD value of 0.48 μM toward CN−anion could be achieved by our bi-fluorophoric host-guest polymerviathe FRET-OFF process. Therefore, cyanide detection and cell viability tests using the open form of the [2]pseudorotaxane polymer suggest useful bio-imaging applications in living cells.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101859065&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1039/d0tc05000h
DO - 10.1039/d0tc05000h
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85101859065
SN - 2050-7534
VL - 9
SP - 2321
EP - 2333
JO - Journal of Materials Chemistry C
JF - Journal of Materials Chemistry C
IS - 7
ER -