Application of stimuli-responsive FRET behavior toward cyanide detection in a photo-switchable [2]pseudorotaxane polymer containing the BODIPY donor and the merocyanine acceptor

Chinmayananda Gouda, Debashis Barik, Chandrima Maitra, Kai Chieh Liang, Feng Cheng Ho, Venkatesan Srinivasadesikan, Sarala Chandran, Shu-Pao Wu, Ming-Chang Lin, Hong-Cheu Lin*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

We have developed a supramolecular (close form) [2]pseudorotaxane polymer containing the green-emissive (λem= 523 nm) BODIPY-based pillar[5]arene host and the non-emissive spiropyran (SP)-based cyano guest (close form), which can be converted to a red-emissive (λem= 630 nm) merocyanine (MC)-based guest (open form) upon UV exposure as well as turned into a bi-fluorophoric host-guest polymer with ratiometric PL emission of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) behavior in THF/water solution (60% H2O, v/v). The equal host-guest molar ratio and the formation of the [2]pseudorotaxane polymer can be further verified using1H NMR titration, Job's plot analysis, DOSY and ITC experiments. Hence, the bi-fluorophoric host-guest (with the MC open form) polymer possessed the highest red-emission of the MC acceptor, which was also confirmed using TRPL measurements to possess the shortest lifetime of 0.37 ns and the best FRET efficiency of 83.5%. Since the MC unit could react with CNto induce a non-emissive quenching process, the mono-fluorophoric guest would show turn-off PL behavior and detect cyanide ions with a corresponding limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.94 μM. In comparison, the optimal LOD value of 0.48 μM toward CNanion could be achieved by our bi-fluorophoric host-guest polymerviathe FRET-OFF process. Therefore, cyanide detection and cell viability tests using the open form of the [2]pseudorotaxane polymer suggest useful bio-imaging applications in living cells.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2321-2333
Number of pages13
JournalJournal of Materials Chemistry C
Volume9
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - 21 Feb 2021

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Application of stimuli-responsive FRET behavior toward cyanide detection in a photo-switchable [2]pseudorotaxane polymer containing the BODIPY donor and the merocyanine acceptor'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this