Application of a virtual reality-enhanced exercise protocol in patients after coronary bypass

Objective: To determine whether, by using training enhanced by virtual reality (VR) displays, patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery could more effectively attain long-term cardiopulmonary results than those not using VR technology. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Exercise testing laboratory in a medical center. Participants: Consecutive sample of 32 patients who had undergone CABG surgery. Interventions: All subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 submaximal endurance programs, with or without simulated training. In all other respects, the 2 programs were identical. Each section lasted for 30 minutes and was conducted twice a week for about 3 months. Graded exercise tests, conducted before and after training, evaluated cardiorespiratory changes. Main Outcome Measures: The cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic parameters were evaluated at both peak and submaximal exertion. Results: At the follow-up exercise tests (performed at 5.4mo after surgical intervention), the VR group achieved significantly higher value in peak oxygen consumption (Vo₂peak), peak metabolic equivalents (METS), and amount of Vo₂ at anaerobic threshold than the non-VR group. Significant gain was attained in Vo₂peak and peak MET value accrued to those who participated in simulation-based aerobic training. Conclusions: Our study outcomes clearly support the perceived benefits of rehabilitation programs that incorporate VR to augment patients' recovery of their physical capacity.