「養水種電」的行動者網絡分析: 地方政府、光電廠商與在地農漁民

The scene of the solar PV industry coexisting with agricultural and aqua-cultural industries has recently appeared on the Pingtung Plain, particularly in the areas where land subsidence becomes serious. This phenomenon, resulting from the project of ＂building solar farms over fish ponds,＂ shows the dynamic aspect of an infrastructure characterized by the interweaving of the technical and the social. In the summer of 2009, after Typhoon Morakot, the county magistrate of Pingtung formed an interdepartmental working group on green energy, endeavoring to integrate three tasks, i.e. post-disaster reconstruction, area restoration, and green energy transformation. In the process of post-disaster reconstruction, the working group on green energy functioned as a significant translator among heterogeneous elements, a role that could be further called an ＂actor of heterogeneous governance.＂ As a representative of the local government, the green energy working group coordinated with the Council for Economic Planning and Development of the Executive Yuan to form an inter-departmental mechanism for area restoration. Meanwhile, with a working mode of cooperation and learning, which emphasized joint efforts to diagnose the problems and seek the solutions, the green energy working group established a new mechanism for mutual learning and local invention in which diverse roles were included, such as department directors and members of the local government, local experts, organizations for cultural preservation and ecological conservation, solar PV firms, and subcontractors. Through the application of Actor-Network Theory, this analysis follows the green energy working group, farmers of wax-apples and aqua-cultural fish ponds, various solar PV firms, and other technical artifacts and technological systems. Using a symmetrical approach to humans and nonhumans, this paper seeks to explore how the actor of heterogeneous governance connected heterogeneous elements and facilitated a common trajectory of action in their common interest, how the negotiations between local knowledge and expert knowledge, between local categories and global categories, were brought about, how the locality could maintain a flexible border after shifting when a distant heterogeneous element took part, and how the actor of heterogeneous governance could serve as a mechanism for power balance, allowing the green energy capital of the solar PV industry to be properly harnessed by the locality.